83.080.01 (Plastics in general) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D3418-15 通过热分析测定聚合物热变温度的试验方法

5.1 Thermal analysis provides a rapid method for measuring transitions due to morphological or chemical changes, in a polymer as it is heated/cooled through a specified temperature range. Change in specific heat capacity, heat flow and temperature values are determined for these transitions. Differential scanning calorimetry is used to assist in identifying specific polymers, polymer alloys, and certain polymer additives, which exhibit thermal transitions. Chemical reactions that cause or affect certain transitions have been measured with the aid of this technique; such reactions include oxidation, curing of thermosetting resins, and thermal decomposition. 5.2 This test method is useful for specification acceptance, process control, and research. 1.1 This test method covers determination of transition temperatures and enthalpies of fusion and crystallization of polymers by differential scanning calorimetry. Note 1: True heats of fusion are to be determined in conjunction with structure investigation, and frequently, specialized crystallization techniques are needed. 1.2 This test method is applicable to polymers in granular form or to any fabricated shape from which it is possible to cut appropriate specimens. 1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from the cryogenic region to 600°C. Certain equipment allows the temperature range to be extended. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are the standard. Note 2: This test method does not apply to all types of polymers as written (see 6.8). 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 3: This standard is similar but not equivalent to ISO8201;11357-1, -2, -3. The ISO procedures provide additional information not supplied by this test method.

Standard Test Method for Transition Temperatures and Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM F3091/F3091M-14 塑料材料粉末床熔融的标准规格

1.1 This specification describes a method for defining requirements and ensuring component integrity for plastic parts created using powder bed fusion processes. Materials include unfilled formulations and formulations containing fillers, functional additives (for example, flame retardant), and reinforcements or combinations thereof. Processes include all powder bed fusion processes as defined in Terminology F2792. 1.2 This specification is intended for use by manufacturers of plastic parts using powder bed fusion and for customers procuring such parts. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Powder Bed Fusion of Plastic Materials

ASTM D5225-14 使用差分粘度计测量共聚物溶剂粘度的标准试验方法

5.1 Solution viscosity values for polymers are related to the average molecular size of that portion of the polymer which dissolves in the solvent. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solution viscosity of polymers using a differential or the modified differential viscometer. It is applicable to all polymers that dissolve completely without chemical reaction or degradation to form solutions that are stable with time and temperature. Results of the test are usually expressed as specific viscosity, intrinsic viscosity (limiting viscosity number), inherent viscosity (logarithmic viscosity number), or relative viscosity (viscosity ratio). 1.2 Since there is more than one type of viscometer available to measure a differential pressure, follow the manufacturer’s directions applicable to the equipment being used. 1.3 The solution viscosity values are comparable with those obtained using a glass capillary of Test Method D2857. This test method differs from the glass capillary in that the solvent and the solution are compared at the same time that a test is run. With a glass capillary, each solution must be referenced back to the solvent run in the same capillary at the same temperature. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymers with a Differential Viscometer

ASTM D542-14 透明有机塑料折射指数的标准试验方法

4.1 This test method measures a fundamental property of matter which is useful for the control of purity and composition for simple identification purposes, and for optical parts design. This test method is capable of readability to four figures to the right of the decimal point. 1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring the index of refraction of transparent organic plastic materials. 1.2 A refractometer method is presented. This procedure will satisfactorily cover the range of refractive indices found for such materials. Refractive index measurements require optically homogeneous specimens of uniform refractive index.Note 1—This test method and ISO 489 are technically equivalent. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Index of Refraction of Transparent Organic Plastics

ASTM D5208-14 照相级塑料制品的荧光紫外线 (UV) 曝光的标准实施规范

4.1 Materials made from photodegradable plastics are intended to show relatively rapid deterioration of chemical, physical, and mechanical properties when exposed to light, heat, and water after fulfilling their intended purpose. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with conditions that might be experienced when the material is discarded as litter, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and salt water exposure. 4.2 Cautions—Variation in results can be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared in accordance with Section 9 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.Note 2—Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141. 4.3 Exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test specimens provides a standard for comparative purposes. Use of a control to rank the stability of test materials greatly improves agreement between different laboratories.3,4 It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material evaluated be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results. 4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G154. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, temperature of the room in which the device operates, temperature control, and condition and age of the lamps, if exposure is conducted in a device without irradiance control. 1.1 This practice covers the specific procedures applicable for fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) exposure of photodegradable plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G154. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens and the evaluation of test results. 1.2 Practice D4329 covers fluorescent UV exposures of plastics intended for long term use in outdoor applications. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet 40;UV41; Exposure of Photodegradable Plastics

ASTM D7132-14 测定挤制聚苯乙烯泡沫材料中留存发泡剂的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of retained blowing agent in extruded polystyrene foam. 1.2 This test method applies to organic blowing agents which lend themselves to a convenient analysis by gas chromatography. The method is not applicable to blowing agents such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or water. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Retained Blowing Agent in Extruded Polystyrene Foam

ASTM D4329-13 塑料荧光紫外线曝光的标准操作规程

4.1 The ability of a plastic material to resist deterioration of its electrical, mechanical, and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of ultraviolet solar irradiance, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as, atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure. (Warning—Variation in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice should be made unless accompanied by a report prepared in accordance with Section 8 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.)Note 2—Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory-accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141. 4.2 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.5,6 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results. 4.3 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G154. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, temperature of the room in which the device operates, temperature control, and condition and age of the lamp. 1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for fluorescent UV exposure of plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G154. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for plastics, and the evaluation of test results. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport t......

Standard Practice for Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus Exposure of Plastics

ASTM D4364-13 利用集中自然光进行塑料户外加速老化试验的标准操作规程

4.1 This practice involves the concentration of sunlight by a system of plane mirrors, arranged to simulate a parabolic trough focused on an air-cooled target board on which the test specimens are mounted. Exposure cycles with and without water spray that are commonly used for this method are described in Table 1. Other exposure cycles not listed in Table 1 can be used, upon consensual agreement between interested parties. 4.1.1 Accelerated outdoor exposure tests performed using this practice in an absence of a programmed moisture cycle are intended to simulate conventional exposure testing on racks facing the equator in desert and arid regions. 4.1.2 Accelerated outdoor exposure tests performed using this practice with a programmed moisture cycle shall possess the feature of spraying high purity water on the specimens in a regular, periodic fashion that is intended to simulate the results of conventional exposure testing on fixed racks facing the equator in subtropical, semi-humid, and temperate regions. Water-spray cycles that are recommended by this practice are given in Table 1. 4.2 The effectiveness of the Fresnel-reflector accelerated outdoor weathering test machines depends primarily on the amount and character of the UV in the direct-beam component of sunlight.Note 2—Use of the apparatus in regions of moderate- to high-diffuse irradiance will reduce the test machine's effectiveness substantially for providing concentrated UV in the target (specimen) area. 4.3 Testing to specific levels (quantities) of solar ultraviolet radiant exposure is recommended. Elapsed time exposure-level determinations shall not be used for testing with this practice. Testing to specific levels of UV irradiation, whether to total UV or within selected wavebands, is an effective method for improving agreement between wintertime and summertime testing on the Fresnel-reflector weathering-test machines. Other seasonal factors such as temperature and time of wetness can affect the weathering of test specimens significantly. 4.4 The weathering machines described provide for specimen cooling that reduces thermal problems in most materials. It is recommended that monthly temperature measurements be performed on heat-sensitive plastics to record the typical monthly test specimen temperatures.Note 3—It is possible for heat-sensitive plastic materials and thick specimens that are self-insulating to exhibit thermal-induced degradation that is unrealistic compared to natural weathering. Clear, thin-film photodegradable plastics are not recommended for testing with this practice for this reason. 4.5 Since the natural environment varies with respect to time, geography, and topography, it can be expected that the effects of natural exposure will vary accordingly. Furthermore, all materials are not affected equally by increased irradiance and temperature. ......

Standard Practice for Performing Outdoor Accelerated Weathering Tests of Plastics Using Concentrated Sunlight

ASTM D7210-13 萃取聚烯烃塑料添加剂的标准实施规程

5.1 Separation and identification of additives used in the manufacture of polyolefin plastics is necessary in order to correlate performance properties with polymer composition. This practice provides guidelines for extracting phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, UV stabilizers, antistatic agents, and slip additives, from milled polyolefin plastics . 5.2 Water bath shakers and steam-reflux Soxhlet extraction techniques have also been used to successfully remove additives from polyolefin plastics. 1.1 This practice covers a variety of extraction techniques for antioxidant and slip additives used in polyolefins. Typically, the extracted additives are separated and quantified using a chromatographic technique such as the procedure explained in Test Method D6953. Chromatographic analysis of the extracts is not included in this practice. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Practice for Extraction of Additives in Polyolefin Plastics

ASTM D792-13 用位移法测定塑料密度和比重(相关密度)的标准试验方法

5.1 The specific gravity or density of a solid is a property that is conveniently measured to identify a material, to follow physical changes in a sample, to indicate degree of uniformity among different sampling units or specimens, or to indicate the average density of a large item. 5.2 Changes in density of a single material are due to localized differences in crystallinity, loss of plasticizer, absorption of solvent, or to other causes. It is possible that portions of a sample differ in density because of their differences in crystallinity, thermal history, porosity, and composition (types or proportions of resin, plasticizer, pigment, or filler). 5.3 Density is useful for calculating strength-weight and cost-weight ratios. 1.1 These test methods describe the determination of the specific gravity (relative density) and density of solid plastics in forms such as sheets, rods, tubes, or molded items. 1.2 Two test methods are described: 1.2.1 Test Method A—For testing solid plastics in water, and 1.2.2 Test Method B—For testing solid plastics in liquids other than water. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—This standard is not equivalent to ISO 1183–1 Method A. This test method provides more guidelines on sample weight and dimension. ISO 1183-1 allows testing at an additional temperature of 27 ± 2°C.

Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity lpar;Relative Densityrpar; of Plastics by Displacement

ASTM D4001-13 用低扩散法测定聚合物分子量和平均分子量的标准试验方法

4.1 The weight-average molecular weight is a fundamental structure parameter of polymers, which is related to many physical properties of the bulk material, such as its rheological behavior. In addition, knowledge of the weight-average molecular weight, together with knowledge of the number-average molecular weight from osmometry, provides a useful measure of the breadth of the molecular-weight distribution. 4.2 Other important uses of information on the weight-average molecular weight are correlation with dilute-solution or melt-viscosity measurements and calibration of molecular-weight standards for use in liquid-exclusion (gel-permeation) chromatography. 4.3 To the extent that the light-scattering photometer is appropriately calibrated, light scattering is an absolute method and is therefore be applied to nonionic homopolymers that have not previously been synthesized or studied. 1.1 This test method describes the test procedures for determining the weight-average molecular weight Mw of polymers by light scattering. It is applicable to all nonionic homopolymers (linear or branched) that dissolve completely without reaction or degradation to form stable solutions. Copolymers and polyelectrolytes are not within its scope. The procedure also allows the determination of the second virial coefficient, A2, which is a measure of polymer-solvent interactions, and the root-mean-square radius of gyration (s2)1/2, which is a measure of the dimensions of the polymer chain. 1.2 The molecular-weight range for light scattering is, to some extent, determined by the size of the dissolved polymer molecules and the refractive indices of solvent and polymer. A range frequently stated is 10,000 to 10,000,000, is often extended in either direction with suitable systems and by the use of special techniques. 1.2.1 The lower limit to molecular weight results from low levels of excess solution scattering over that of the solvent. The greater the specific refractive increment dn/dc (difference in refractive indices of solution and solvent per unit concentration), the greater the level of solution scattering and the lower the molecular weight that shall be determined with a given precision. 1.2.2 The upper limit to molecular weight results from the angular dependence of the solution scattering, which is determined by the molecular size. For sufficiently large molecules, measurements must be made at small scattering angles, which are ultimately outside the range of the photometer used. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1

Standard Test Method for Determination of Weight-Average Molecular Weight of Polymers By Light Scattering

ASTM D7132-13 测定挤制聚苯乙烯泡沫材料中留存发泡剂的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of retained blowing agent in extruded polystyrene foam. 1.2 This test method applies to organic blowing agents which lend themselves to a convenient analysis by gas chromatography. The method is not applicable to blowing agents such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or water. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Retained Blowing Agent in Extruded Polystyrene Foam

ASTM D1435-13 塑料室外风化的标准操作规程

4.1 Tests conducted in accordance with this practice are used to evaluate the stability of plastic materials when they are exposed outdoors. The relative durability of plastics in outdoor use can be very different depending on the location of the exposure because of differences in ultraviolet (UV) radiation, time of wetness, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. It cannot be assumed, therefore, that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining relative durability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates that represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended. 4.1.1 Because of year-to-year climatological variations, results from a single exposure test cannot be used to predict the absolute rate at which a material degrades. Several years of repeat exposures are needed to get an average test result for a given location. 4.2 The results of short-term exposure tests can provide an indication of relative outdoor performance, but they should not be used to predict the absolute long-term performance of a material. The results of tests conducted for less than twelve months will depend on the particular season of the year in which they begin. 1.1 This practice is intended to cover procedures for the exposure of plastic materials to weather. Note 1—See Practice G24 for aging under glass. 1.2 This practice is limited to the method by which the material is to be exposed and the general procedure to be followed. It is intended for use with finished articles of commerce as well as with all sizes and shapes of test specimens. 1.3 Means of evaluation of the effects of weathering will depend on the intended use for the test material. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 2—This standard and ISO 877.2-2009, Method A, are technically equivalent.

Standard Practice for Outdoor Weathering of Plastics

ASTM D1499-13 塑料用滤光明火碳弧型曝光装置的标准实施规程

4.1 The ability of a plastic material to resist deterioration of its electrical, mechanical, and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as, atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure. 4.2 Cautions—Variation in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared in accordance with Section 9 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.Note 2—Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory-accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141. 4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from an open-flame carbon-arc is significantly different from that produced in light and water exposure devices using other carbon-arc configurations or other light sources. The type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced by exposures to filtered open-flame carbon-arcs can be much different from those produced by exposures to other types of laboratory light sources. 4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same type of carbon-arc, filters, and exposure conditions. 4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.5,6 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results. 4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G152. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control, and conditions of the electrodes. 1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for exposure of plastics in filtered op......

Standard Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Plastics

ASTM D1044-13 透明塑料软片表面耐摩擦性的标准试验方法

4.1 Transparent plastic materials, when used as windows or enclosures, are subject to wiping and cleaning; hence the maintenance of optical quality of a material after abrasion is important. It is the purpose of this test method to provide a means of estimating the resistance of such materials to this type and degree of abrasion. 4.2 Although this test method does not provide fundamental data, it is suitable for grading materials relative to this type of abrasion in a manner which correlates with service. 4.3 Comparison of interlaboratory data or the specification of a “haze” value has no significance if the hazemeter requirements given in 5.4 are not used. This is because light diffused from the surface of a Taber track is scattered at a narrow angle (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) while light diffused internally by a specimen is scattered at a wide angle. In many hazemeters, when a diaphragm is inserted to limit the light beam to the width of the abraded track, the specular beam at the exit port becomes smaller. The dark annulus will then be greater than the 0.023 ± 0.002 rad (1.3 ± 0.1°) requirements of Test Method D1003. Since a large percentage of the narrow-angle forward-scattered light will not impinge on the sphere wall, “haze” readings become smaller. For hazemeters that have not been properly adjusted, the magnitude of this reduction is dependent both on the integrating sphere diameter and the reduction of the entrance beam. 4.4 For many materials, there may be a specification that requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural modifications that take precedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material specification before using this test method. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist. 4.5 For some materials, abrasion tests utilizing the Taber abraser may be subject to variation due to changes in the abrasive characteristics of the wheel during testing. 4.5.1 Depending on abradant type and test specimen, the wheel surface may change (that is, become clogged) due to the transfer of coating or other materials from test specimens and must be cleaned at frequent intervals. 4.5.2 The type of material being tested and the number of test cycles being run is known to sometimes influence the temperature of the running surface of the wheel with an effect on the final haze measurement. To reduce any variability due to this temperature effect, stabilize the wheels surface temperature prior to performing actual measurements. This shall be accomplished by conducting multiple refacings on an ST-11 refacing stone, followed by a test on the sample material to be tested (with results to be discarded). 1.1 This test method describes a procedure for estimating the resistance of transparent plastics to one kind of surface abrasion by measuring the change in optical properties. 1.2 Abrasive damage is visually judged and numerically quantified by calculating the difference in haze percentage in accordance with Test Method D1003 between an abraded and unabraded specimen. 1.3 CS-10F wheels manufactured between October 2002 and September 2004 have been found to give different re......

Standard Test Method for Resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion

ASTM D5279-13 塑料的标准试验方法: 动态机械性能: 扭转力

5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastics materials using very small amounts of material. The data obtained may be used for quality control, research and development, and establishment of optimum processing conditions. 5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus temperature provide graphical representations indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damping behavior under specified conditions. 5.3 This test method can be used to assess 5.3.1 The modulus as a function of temperature, 5.3.2 The modulus as a function of frequency, 5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation, 5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure and damping, 5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus, and 5.3.6 The effects of formulation additives that might affect processability or performance. 5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM materials specifications, then the default conditions apply. 1.1 This test method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The torsional data generated may be used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastics material or composition. 1.2 This test method is intended to provide means for determining the torsional modulus of plastics as a function of temperature using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, as outlined in Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage), loss (viscous), and complex moduli and tan delta, as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system. 1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 to 100 Hz. 1.4 Apparent discrepancies may arise in results obtained under differing experimental conditions. These apparent differences from results observed in another study can usually be reconciled without changing the observed data by reporting in full (as described in this test method) the conditions under which the data were obtained. 1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design. 1.6 Th......

Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Torsion

ASTM D2583-13a 使用巴科尔硬度仪测定硬质塑料压痕硬度的标准试验方法

5.1 The Barcol Impressor is portable and therefore suitable for testing the hardness of fabricated parts and individual test specimens for production control purposes. 5.2 Before proceeding with this test method, reference shall be made to the specification of the material being tested. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material standards that currently exist. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters or combination thereof covered in the relevant ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation hardness of both reinforced and nonreinforced rigid plastics using a Barcol Impressor, Model No. 934-1 and Model No. 935. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.

Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor

ASTM D1708-13 使用微型抗拉试样测定塑料抗拉特性的标准试验方法

4.1 This test method provides data for quality control and acceptance or rejection under specifications. 4.2 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions herein apply. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.TABLE 1 Tensile Strength at Break for Seven Laboratories and Two Materials, MPa Material Test Speed, mm/min Average SrA SRB rC RD Polyamide(imide) 1.3 193.6 1.60 5.48 4.48

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics by Use of Microtensile Specimens

ASTM E2092-13 采用热机械分析对三点弯曲上变形温度的的标准试验

5.1 Data obtained by this test method shall not be used to predict the behavior of materials at elevated temperatures except in applications in which the conditions of time, temperature, method of loading, and stress are similar to those specified in the test. 5.2 This standard is particularly suited for quality control and development work. The data are not intended for use in design or predicting endurance at elevated temperatures. 1.1 This test method describes the determination of the temperature at which the specific modulus of a test specimen is realized by deflection in three-point bending. This temperature is identified as the distortion temperature. The distortion temperature is that temperature at which a test specimen of defined geometry deforms to a level of strain under applied stress of 0.455 MPa (66 psi) (Method A) and 1.82 MPa (264 psi) (Method B) equivalent to those used in Test Method D648. The test may be performed over the range of temperature from ambient to 300°C.Note 1—This test method is intended to provide results similar to those of Test Method D648 but are performed on a thermomechanical analyzer using a smaller test specimen. Equivalence of results to those obtained by Test Method D648 has been demonstrated on a limited number of materials. The results of this test method shall be considered to be independent and unrelated to those of Test Method D648 unless the user demonstrates equivalence. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this test method.

Standard Test Method for Distortion Temperature in Three-Point Bending by Thermomechanical Analysis

ASTM D2583-13 使用巴科尔硬度仪测定硬质塑料压痕硬度的标准试验方法

5.1 The Barcol Impressor is portable and therefore suitable for testing the hardness of fabricated parts and individual test specimens for production control purposes. 5.2 Before proceeding with this test method, reference shall be made to the specification of the material being tested. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material standards that currently exist. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters or combination thereof covered in the relevant ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of indentation hardness of both reinforced and nonreinforced rigid plastics using a Barcol Impressor, Model No. 934-1 and Model No. 935. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.

Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor